
All three of these types of compute are converging - AI compute can be done on the cloud, HPC access models are becoming more cloud-like, and HPC is supporting more and more AI workloads. Third, we have cloud computing, often provided by the private sector, which has proven to be a tremendous catalyst for SMEs and has made on demand computing a core part of building efficient and flexible businesses. Public facilities are essential resources operating at local, national and international scales to enable computations that cannot be achieved at smaller scales. physics, biology, climate) and engineering (design, simulation). A second area is compute for modelling and simulation, which is used widely across the sciences (e.g. The economic value of AI is undeniable - the world’s trillion dollar tech companies are all betting heavily on AI. The UK has great talent in AI with a vibrant start-up ecosystem, but public investment in AI compute is seriously lagging.

AI is absolutely transformative, and depends heavily on compute, with the largest AI models using many exaflops of compute. This review on the future of compute makes specific recommendations to the government that are essential to achieve the UK’s ambition.Ĭompute can be thought of in three, somewhat overlapping, broad areas. The UK needs to be well prepared to take advantage of these opportunities to sustain growth and cement its position as a Science and Technology Superpower.

The next decade is sure to bring even more advances that will continue to astonish us. I have experienced many transformative technological changes in computing throughout my career, but at no time have I felt the immensity of the technological opportunity that we have now. Many existing economic sectors depend on compute, and new discoveries that will significantly advance the health and prosperity of society rely on compute. Much like electricity, rail travel, and the internet, large scale compute is part of the infrastructure of modern life, and its effect on society is hard to measure. Compute underpins much of what we do today and our dependence on it will only grow.

Modern compute has given us the ability to simulate and model complex phenomena, and the power to use data-driven machine learning technologies to provide powerful AI tools for society. Having spent three decades in academia as an AI researcher, and more recently in the technology industry, I have witnessed the transformative potential of compute first hand. I was delighted to be asked to lead this review on the future of compute for the UK. Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technologyĭear Chancellor of the Exchequer and Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology,
